EB-1A
VS
EB-3
Type
Green card
Green card
Description
Extraordinary Ability in Sciences, Arts, Education, Business, or Athletics
Skilled Workers, Professionals, and Other Workers
Profiles that typically qualify
Entrepreneurs, Industry experts, Researchers, STEM professionals, Athletes, Artists
Almost any worker
Requirements
Demonstrate sustained extraordinary achievement in your field with at least 3 of 10 types of required evidence, such as receiving prestigious awards, being featured in media or professional publications, earning a high remuneration relative to your peers, or holding a critical or relevant role in a distinguished organization or project.
Continue working in your area of extraordinary ability in the U.S.
Must have a job offer and undergo labor certification (PERM), showing no available qualified U.S. workers.
Skilled Workers: Job offer requires at least 2 years of training or experience.
Professionals: Job offer requires a U.S. bachelor's degree or foreign equivalent.
Other Workers: Job offer requiring less than 2 years of training or experience.
Pros
Provides complete flexibility to work, live, and study in the U.S.
Does not require employer sponsorship, offering significant independence.
No labor certification is required, simplifying the application process.
Offers the fastest pathway to a green card among EB categories.
Direct path to citizenship after 5 years.
Provides complete flexibility to work, live, and study in the U.S.
Straightforward process with clear requirements.
Highly flexible, applicable to almost any job that aligns with your experience or qualifications based on its minimum requirements.
Cons
High standard to demonstrate extraordinary ability.
The labor certification process (PERM) is lengthy and time-consuming.
Applicants are tied to the employer sponsoring the petition for most of the application process.
Slower processing times compared to other categories, particularly for applicants from certain countries.
Sponsorship
Not required
Required
Validity period
Permanent
Permanent residency
Renewable
Every 10 years
Every 10 years
Without premium processing
10-24 months1
Three stages, totaling about 36-48 months1
With premium processing
15 business days2
15 business days2
Can spouse work
Yes
Yes
Disclaimers
1Applicants from India, China, or Mexico may experience longer wait times.
2Available only for the first stage of the process, while the second stage typically takes an additional 9-18 months.
1Applicants from India, China, or Mexico may experience longer wait times.
2Available for only one stage of the process, with minimal impact on the overall processing time.
Type
EB-1A
Green card
EB-3
Green card
Description
EB-1A
Extraordinary Ability in Sciences, Arts, Education, Business, or Athletics
EB-3
Skilled Workers, Professionals, and Other Workers
Profiles that typically qualify
EB-1A
Entrepreneurs, Industry experts, Researchers, STEM professionals, Athletes, Artists
EB-3
Almost any worker
Requirements
EB-1A
Demonstrate sustained extraordinary achievement in your field with at least 3 of 10 types of required evidence, such as receiving prestigious awards, being featured in media or professional publications, earning a high remuneration relative to your peers, or holding a critical or relevant role in a distinguished organization or project.
Continue working in your area of extraordinary ability in the U.S.
EB-3
Must have a job offer and undergo labor certification (PERM), showing no available qualified U.S. workers.
Skilled Workers: Job offer requires at least 2 years of training or experience.
Professionals: Job offer requires a U.S. bachelor's degree or foreign equivalent.
Other Workers: Job offer requiring less than 2 years of training or experience.
Pros
EB-1A
Provides complete flexibility to work, live, and study in the U.S.
Does not require employer sponsorship, offering significant independence.
No labor certification is required, simplifying the application process.
Offers the fastest pathway to a green card among EB categories.
Direct path to citizenship after 5 years.
EB-3
Provides complete flexibility to work, live, and study in the U.S.
Straightforward process with clear requirements.
Highly flexible, applicable to almost any job that aligns with your experience or qualifications based on its minimum requirements.
Cons
EB-1A
High standard to demonstrate extraordinary ability.
EB-3
The labor certification process (PERM) is lengthy and time-consuming.
Applicants are tied to the employer sponsoring the petition for most of the application process.
Slower processing times compared to other categories, particularly for applicants from certain countries.
Sponsorship
EB-1A
Not required
EB-3
Required
Validity period
EB-1A
Permanent
EB-3
Permanent residency
Renewable
EB-1A
Every 10 years
EB-3
Every 10 years
Without premium processing
EB-1A
10-24 months1
EB-3
Three stages, totaling about 36-48 months1
With premium processing
EB-1A
15 business days2
EB-3
15 business days2
Can spouse work
EB-1A
Yes
EB-3
Yes
Disclaimers
EB-1A
1Applicants from India, China, or Mexico may experience longer wait times.
2Available only for the first stage of the process, while the second stage typically takes an additional 9-18 months.
EB-3
1Applicants from India, China, or Mexico may experience longer wait times.
2Available for only one stage of the process, with minimal impact on the overall processing time.